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Physics & Astronomy

General physics and astronomy subject guide.

Citations

A citation...

  • describes a book, journal article, website, or other item;
  • gives credit to the originator of an idea, thus preventing plagiarism;
  • enables the reader to retrieve the item you refer to, and
  • includes the author, title, source (publisher and place of publication or URL), and date.

Failing to cite a source correctly is plagiarism. Plagiarism is an academic offense and could get you in serious trouble! But don't panic: as long as you follow the citation guidelines, you will be fine. And remember: when in doubt, cite. It is always better to include a citation that you don't need than to forget a citation that you do need.

Check out our Citing Sources Guide if you need more help!

AIP Style Manual

What is Zotero?

Zotero is a free citation management tool that will help you to save and organize sources, create citations in a wide variety of formats, and share sources with others in a group. Zotero connects easily with Microsoft Word and Google Docs so you can insert citations directly in your text and automatically generate a reference list.